*Mughals

Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babar
Founder of the Mughal dynasty in India was an excellent general and a wise ruler. He was born on 14th February 1483 and was a Chughtai Turk, descendant of king Taimur on his father's side and Chengez Khan on his mother's side. He succeeded to the throne of Farghana, a small state in Central Asia, when his father Umar Sheikh Mirza died,
He met the forces of Ibrahim Lodi in the field of Panipat on 21st April 1526 and won this battle known in Indian history as the First battle of Panipat. This battle marked his conquest over Delhi and thus became the founder of ever great Mughal dynasty in the indian ocean













ہمایون
Emperor Humayun

Emperor Humayun was the second Mughal emperor who ruled India. He was named Nasiruddin Humayun and was born on 6th March, 1508.Humayun  the son of Babar and father of Emperior Akbar the great
He was sworn the King of the Mughal Raj in 1530 at the age of 22 yrs. Soon Humayun lost his kingdom to Sher shah Suri a very brave General. He escaped to iran and married Hamida Bano a gentle farci girl and of ther marriage Akbar the Great Shahanshah was born  (15 october 1542  – 27 October 1605]
The Mughal Empire remained inactive for a period of nearly 15 years. 
In the year 1555, Humayun came back with a strong will and recovered his lost kingdom.  

Coins issued under Babar's rule was followed Humayun. The Kalima was a major theme of their Coins the reverse side of the Coins included the name of the King  





















Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar
جلال الدین محمد اکبر
 Shahanshah Akbar-E-Azam,
 Akbar the Great
was the third Mughal Emperor. Akbar was born on 23 November 1542 H rajab, 949 AH .He was of Tymurid descent;the son of Humayun, and the grandson of Babur, the ruler who founded the Mughal dynasty in India. At the end of his reign in 1605 the Mughal empire covered most of the northern and central India and was one of the most powerful empires of its age


Silver coin of Akbar with inscriptions of the Islamic declaration of faith
Silver Rupee of the Mughal Empire; minted in AH 983 (1575/65) under Akbar (r. 1556-1605); diameter: 27 mm; weight: 11.43 g;















Nur-ud-din Salim Jahangir
 نورالدین سلیم جهانگیر
Muhammad Jahangir Padshah Ghazi
(20 September 1569 – 8 November 1627) (31 August 1569  –  8 November 1627) was the ruler of the Mughal Empire  from 1605 until his death. Salim broke into an open rebellion, and declared himself Emperor. Prince Salim forcefully succeeded to the throne on 3 November 1605, eight days after his father's death.Salim ascended to the throne with the title of Nur-ud-din Muhammad Jahangir Badshah Ghazi, and thus began his 22-year reign at the age of 36.Jahangir married the extremely beautiful and intelligent Mehr-ul-Nisa Nur jahan in 1611.Jahangir died on the way from Kashmir in 1627 and was buried in Shahdara Bagh  a suburb of  Lahore now in Pakistan. He was succeeded by his third son, Prince Khurram who took the title of Shah Jehan


















Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram
Shahjehan Shah Jahan I
شاه ‌جہاں
Baadshah Shah Jahan was born as Prince Shihab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram, in 1592 in Lahore now in Pakistan as the third and favorite son of the emperor Jahangir. He was the emperor of the Mughal empire in india from 1628 until 1658. In 1607  (1025 AH), at the age of fifteen, Khurram was to marry Arjumand Banu Begum .He gave her the title Mumtaz Mahal (Jewel of the Palace).He was the fifth Mughal ruler after Babur, Humayun, Akbar, and Jahangir

He succeeded to the throne upon his father's death in 1627. He is considered to be one of the greatest Mughals and his reign has been called the Golden Age of Mughals.The period of his reign was the golden age of Mughal architecture.
Shah Jahan build Taj Mahal at Agra as a tomb for his wife Empress Mumtaz Mahal  The Pearl Mosque [Moti Mashjid], Red Fort ( Lal Qila ) (Shahjahanabad), the palaces, Jamia Mashjid great mosque at Delhi, Mosques in Lahore & buildings in the Lahore,Mazar- i-Jehangir in Lahore Pakistan and a beautiful mosque at Thatta in Pakistan . Shalimar Gardens of Lahore, Mughal gardens in Kashmir, Lahore Fort ( Sheesh Mahal, and Naulakha pavilion), and his father's mausoleum.

The Takht-E-Taus or the Takht-E-Shahanshah-E-Hindustan (Peacock Throne), said to be worth millions of dollars by modern estimates,
He was also the founder of Shahjahanabad, now known as 'Old Delhi'.
Under Shah Jahan's rule, Mughal artistic and architectural achievements reached their zenith. Shahjehan passed away in 1666

Coins of Shahjehan include Gold and Silver that had the Kalima and his name
[ Sahib -kiran Sani Shihabudin Mohammed Shah Jehan Budshah Ghazi ]
Gold,Silver,Copper Coins of Shahjehan were issued from Akbarabad, Ahmedabad, Allahabad
Patna,Lukhnow,Kashmir,Shahjehanabad ,Ujjain,Gujrat,Ajmer,Aurangabad and few other places





















Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir Iاورنگ‌زیب

Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, Badshah Ghazi, Shahanshah-e-Sultanat-ul-Hindiya Wal Mughaliya

November 1618 March 1707 was the 6th Mughal Emperor of India whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.
BadshAurangzeb was the third son of the fifth Mughal emperor Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal (Arjumand Bānū Begum). After Jahangir's death in 1627, Aurangzeb returned to live with his parents. Shah Jahan followed the Mughal practice of assigning authority to his sons, and in 1634 put Aurangzeb in charge of the Deccan campaign. Following his success in 1636, Aurangzeb became Subahdar (governor) of the Deccan
Aurangzeb kept an already weakening Shah Jahan under house arrest at the Agra Fort. Shah Jahan died in 1666
Aurangzeb Alamgir I, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly half a century, was the second longest reigning Mughal emperor after the legendary Akbar. But after his death in 1707, the Mughal Empire gradually began to shrink.From the start of his reign up until his death, Aurangzeb engaged in almost constant warfare.He built up a massive army, and began a program of military expansion along all the boundaries of his empire. Aurangzeb pushed north-west into the Punjab and what is now Afghanistan